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Thursday, November 17, 2011

Mountaineering



Mountain climbing is an activity hard, full of adventure, requires skill, intelligence, strength, and high fighting spirit. Dangers and challenges that seemed about to surpass, the appeal of this activity.
In essence, the dangers and challenges that are testing the ability itself to align with the harsh nature, the success of an ascent is difficult and hard to mean superiority to the fear and the triumph of the struggle against itself.


B. DEFINITION AND PURPOSE OF ACTIVITIES Mountaineering
- Mountain = Mount
- Mountaineer = People Doing Activities in the mountains
- Mountaineering = All things related to the mountain or in the broadest sense means a journey that covers ranging from hill walking to climbing the mountain peaks that are difficult
Lots of reasons people do mountaineering activities keitan but basically it amounts to:
1. Livelihood
2. Mores
3. Religion / Belief
4. Science
5. Adventure
6. Sport
7. Recreation

C. MOUNTAIN TERMONOLOGI
a) Mount: A peak height of the upper surface of the sea and the plains around it.
b) Mountains: Front / set salingberdekatan mountain.
c) Mount: Mount The ketinggianya not more than 600 masl
d) The hills: sequence / set of mutually adjacent hill.
e) Climbing: The slope on the steep mountain walls
f) Saddle: The meeting of two points on a ridge
g) Pass: a long gap between the two ridge
h) Col: narrow gap between two peaks
i) Plateau: The plateau above the altitude region
j) Summit: Peak
D. A BRIEF HISTORY Mountaineering
Real mountaineering has been done by our ancestors that began with the father of Prophet Adam manuasia that scour the hills to seek his love Tursina Eve. Siti Hajar who have been cross from hill to hill Safa manliness accompanied by Sherpas Gabriel to find water for a longer ismail thirst. And ascent by climbing up to now still ongoing and future (soon) it’s your turn to continue the mandate of maintaining the continuity of humanity.
a. World History
1942: Anthoine de Ville Mont Aiguille rock climbing (2907 m) in alpine mountains to hunt chamois (mountain goats)
1624: Jesuit Father, through the mountains of the Himalayas to Tibet Iindia gharwal in his missionary duties
1760: Professoe de Saussure offered a large reward to anyone who can conquer the peak of his scientific interests to mont blanc.
1786: The highest peak in the Alps Mont Blanc (4807 m) was achieved by Dr. Paccaro Balmat and Michel Jacquet.
1852: Stone the world’s first golden age golden age in the Alps olehAlfred Wills placed in Wetterhorn ascent to the summit (3708 m), the precursor of mountain climbing as a sport.
1852: Sir George Everest, the highest peak elevation ultimately determine the world, and in immortalized by a name (8848 m), the Nepalese call Sagarmatha by the name of this peak, the Tibetans call it chomolungma.
1878: Clinton Dent (not pepsoden) memnjat Aigullie de Dru cliff in France which sparked the trend of climbing the cliffs are not very high but quite steep and difficult, many people consider this event is the birth of rock climbing
1895: AF Mummery people described as the father of modern mountaineering lost on Nanga Parbat (8125 m), this is the first ascent climb peaks above an altitude of 8,000 m
1924: Mallory and Irvina try again to climb Everest, both lost at an altitude of about 8400 m
1953: On 29 May Sir Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay finally reached the roof of the world summit Everest.
b. History of Indonesia
1623: Yan Carstenz was the first to notice a very high mountain, and covered with snow in the interior of Irian
1899: Dutch mapmaker expedition in New Guinea to find the truth laporanYan Carstensz nearly 3 centuries earlier about “… the mountains are very high, in some places covered with snow!” In perdalaman Irian. So his name immortalized as the name of which later proved to be the peak of the highest mountain peak in Indonesia.
1962: Peak Carstenz finally achieved by the team leadership of Heinrich Harrer.
1964: Some Japanese climbers and 3 people of Indonesia, namely Fred Athaboe, Sudarto and Sugirin, who joined in the expedition of Paradise, managed to reach the summit in Irian Jaya. Peak which was once considered to successfully climb Carstensz Peak, before later proven wrong.
Eidenburg Peak, also in New Guinea, the expedition succeeded in climbing the dipimpinPhilip Temple.
Two associations of Indonesia’s oldest mountaineer born: Wanadridi Mapala UI in Bandung and Jakarta, and in one after another by association the association of nature lovers from the other, MPA, SISPALA, KPA, ERNIPALA, MODIPALA and so on
1972: Mapala UI, including the Herman O. Loud and Rudy Badil, managed to reach the summit Carstensz. They are the people of Indonesia’s first civilian to reach this peak.
E. PREPARATION IN A TRAVEL
1. Can think logically.
This is the most important element in making decisions during the ascent, where this way of thinking more safety or safety factors to consider.
2. Have the knowledge and skills.
Includes knowledge of fields (land navigation), weather and climbing techniques, knowledge of climbing or climbing equipment and so on.
3. Can coordinate our bodies.
a. coordination between the brain with the body member.
- There must be a balance between what is considered in
Brain and what can be done by the body.
- The balance between emotion and ability.
- Peace in action.
b. coordination between members of the body.
Is the balance and rhythm of the body itself in making movements or steps when walking or stationary
4. adequate physical condition.
This is understandable because mountain climbing is included in a sport that is quite heavy. Often the success or failure of a hiking / climbing relies on physical strength. To have a good physical condition and always ready for the road only to be practiced.
5. Pray
Climbing Congratulations !!!!!
F. Types of Travel Based on Level of Difficulty Medan.
Either climbing or climbing trips based on the level of difficulty encountered terrain can be divided as follows:
1. Walking: Walking upright, no equipment required a serious foot.
2. Hiking (hill walking): Medan little more difficult and so we need adequate foot gear.
3. Climbing
a. Rock Climbing: rock climbing over a field.
- Scrambling: Medan increasingly steep that needed a helping hand to balance the body. Practically does not require ropes or other special equipment.
- Technical Climbing: climbing the cliff face is difficult. It takes special techniques and equipment assistance. Type this in to two, namely:
Ø Free Climbing: The route traversed difficult and so we need a rope, tools and techniques to protect when falling. It is noteworthy that the tools here only serve as safety devices and not as an addition to the height.
Ø Artificial Climbing: Climbing gives only a very thin slit or even no use of hands and feet so that it is impossible. For the ascent of this type is entirely dependent on perealatan who also used directly to increase the height. Height can be said that we can continue to grow solely because of the help of tools such as a rope ladder dfan forth.
b. Snow / Ice Climbing: climbing over a field of ice and snow
4. Expedition: climbing activity that requires knowledge and time consuming and requires a specific organization with a variety of terrain that must be passed
G. Systems / Technical climbing
Not all terrain is traversed to get to the top of the uniform so that there are some systems / techniques are performed for the summit to be adapted to the character of the terrain. In some climbing we know there are three systems / climbing techniques, namely:
1. Alpin tactics: climbing system is usually done on a field not too far away, and did not return to base camp and the entire team of climbers should be able to peak at the peak (this tactic is growing in alpine mountains whose character is in accordance with this tactic)
2. Himalayan tactics: The system this ascent usually done on terrain distance far enough to reach the top there are some base camp was set up to do a system drop the goods, the tactics are not all team members should reach the top (this tactic is growing in the Himalayas character very according to this dengantaktik)
3. Siege tactics: Combined Alpine and Himalayan tactic tactics.
Wet crossings
There are several techniques / tips in doing river crossings:
Look for Bridge
If the bridge is not there do not expect anyone want to Make a watershed so find no rippling, rushing, and the usually more to the upstream flow of the river as it exists
If you cross the river and there is a rope, there is an existing swimming tau nor tau then it’s a swim across the fence dengan then tied a rope Tie a rope on the rope that had to cross mako
At the time of crossing the river you can bring the cane to maintain balance and also useful for measuring the depth of water
Remember if you should never cross the river back to face the direction of flow of water even if it rains because you will be much more sturdy and trajectory path that you went through it’s good if you cross the diagonal as are a team….

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